National Polka Day is an official celebration in Paraguay that honours one of the country’s most distinctive musical genres: the Paraguayan Polka. It is celebrated every 15th of September, but with twirling skirts, snapping fingers and the strumming of guitars joined by the sweeping chords of the Paraguayan harp, the vibrant notes and soulful themes can be enjoyed throughout the year.
Paraguay’s National Polka Day: Why 15 September?
The 15th of September was chosen as National Polka Day (El Día de la Polca Paraguaya) to honour two of the country’s most beloved musicians, both of whom passed away on this date, 25 years apart.
Emiliano R. Fernández (1894–1949), poet and composer, who gave voice to the Paraguayan people through songs such as ‘’Farewell, my old place’’ (Adiós che parahe kue), ’’The 13th battallion’’ (13 Tuyutí) and ‘’Sping’’ (Primavera).
Luis Alberto del Paraná (1926–1974), Paraguay’s most internationally recognised singer, whose rendition of ‘’To my land’’ (A mi tierra) continues to move audiences far beyond the nation’s borders.
In recent years, Paraguay’s lawmakers have reinforced the importance of this celebration. The Chamber of Deputies declared National Polka Day a matter of cultural interest, stressing its role in honouring the memory of iconic musicians, strengthening social cohesion, and promoting artistic education and cultural tourism. Officially recognised as part of the nation’s Intangible Cultural Heritage, the Paraguyan polka is celebrated for its deep cultural roots, its ability to unite generations. And its potential to carry Paraguay’s musical identity onto the world stage.
Songs that endure
Among the most cherished pieces of the genre are:
- ‘To my land’ (A mi tierra) by Luis Alberto del Paraná, a heartfelt ode to the homeland.
- ‘Bellbird’ (Guyra campana) by Carlos Talavera and Félix cardozo, about Paraguay’s national bird.
- ‘Love and Rose’ (Amor y Rosa) by Hilarión Correa, a lyrical tribute to love’s beauty.
These works stand alongside countless others that explore themes of love, patriotism, nostalgia, everyday struggles, and the beauty of Paraguay’s landscapes. The Paraguayan polka is as much poetry as it is music, capturing emotions that resonate deeply with the people. Paraguay’s Guarania music genre, created 100 years ago in 2025, was inspired by the Paraguayan polka.
Music of the people
Although every 15 September brings the polka into the spotlight, it is a genre lived daily in Paraguay; in town squares, family gatherings, and concert halls. Each variation, from the lively polka (polka kyre’y) to the more genlte and romantic polka (polca syryry), carries its own personality, but all share a spirit of joy and resilience.
Abroad, Paraguayan communities keep the tradition alive, introducing audiences across the world to the distinctive sounds of the harp and the rhythm of the polka, just as Paraná once did on his tours across 76 countries.
